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Authoritarian regimes don’t act aggressively because they’re provoked; they act aggressively because projecting power and testing limits is part of how they survive internally. History is full of cases where no meaningful provocation existed at all.

Nazi Germany didn’t need Allied ships near its coast to invade Poland. Saddam Hussein didn’t need US aircraft nearby to invade Kuwait. Argentina didn’t need British naval pressure to seize the Falklands. Russia didn’t need NATO forces near Kyiv to annex Crimea in 2014 or launch a full invasion in 2022.

Tyrannies tend to frame any foreign presence as “provocation” after the fact, because it’s politically useful at home. Liberal democracies publish their movements precisely because they operate under scrutiny; authoritarian states act first and justify later.

Proximity makes for a convenient narrative, not a causal explanation.


When I think of liberal democracies, I am thinking of places like Estonia, I am not including the current US, UK, and Germany in liberal democracies, Considering the current state in every single one and the recent cases for spying on their own citizens illegally I sincerely doubt they are publishing openly.

What am i missing here? physics hackers, please explain.

does their claim of reaching 8 km/s in earth's atomsphere make sense? how is it possible without an insane amount of energy?

Besides, how are you going to deliver this energy in such a short time without frying the entire system, we're talking probably 1000A+ currents flowing in insane voltages.

You'd rather use TNT or some high explosive, that's what is usually done with artillery, and even then you don't get close to 8 km/s as far as i know.



No, 8 km/s doesn't make sense.

It's really hard to tell from the press release, but it sounds as if they're talking about a railgun kinda thing. Which has been discussed before, and it keeps not working out. The strains on the object are too great.


They murdered primarily by Hamas, either directly or indirectly by their war tactics that prioritize civilian casualties.


I wonder where the Hamas members speaking out on killings of Israelis on Oct 7th ... It's always one sided.

Not saying Israeli soldiers have perfect values and obey all international laws, but every time I see a story in the Guardian , it's so one sided, one has to question their motives and objectives.

Saying 'Israeli soldiers' also leaves the readers to wonder - how many are there? 'soldiers' can also be 2-3 soldiers. Is there something about Israeli soldiers or society in general that is different than other soldiers of conflicting nations?


Not him again ...


Getting people to use the terminal to do things instead of the bloatware produced by Google/Microsoft tools is almost impossible...

I live in the terminal, but most people in my company, including developers rather stay away from it


To state the obvious (sorry):

(1) Command lines lack the discoverability element of GUIs (and TUIs), where the available choices are typically laid out in front of you. Just look at the command "firm -c list contact" in the screenshot in the linked readme - no doubt it's sensible, but you wouldn't just type it in out of nowhere. You could argue that good docs fix this, but they'll never be a substitute. (Silly analogy: imagine if your toaster had buttons just labelled "1", "2", "3" and you had to refer to the manual for which meant toast, defrost, extra browning.)

(2) Command lines lack the visual persistence of the data you're operating on (like a list of files in a directory, or project/people data like in this program). If you rename a file and you then re-run ls and now everything appears in a slightly different place on the screen (because the previous listing had shifted up when you ran "mv") it's visually jarring in a way that just operating directly on the data isn't. Not-silly analogy: it's like how no-one today would dream of operating on a text file using a pure line editor like ed. (Even command-based editors like vim persist the file data in the main visual area.)

Command lines are much better than GUIs/TUIs for some applications, for example when called from a script, or where you might need to compose a complex command and then tweak and re-run it (in fairness, that might apply to OP's project). But I think techies sometimes get a bit carried away. GUIs are sometimes a legitimately better choice.


The approach I like the most is to first design a CLI that has the functionality you need. Then move that functionality to a lib and have the CLI now be a frontend for the lib. Then make a GUI frontend too.

Allows for a GUI for tasks that need that better context or hand holding. But then the CLI is there when there is a workflow the GUI doesn't support comes up. Bonus of scripting being possible with the CLI too.

Challenges this approach has is that you have to have a test suite that exercises both workflows or due diligence to make sure they both work as development continues.

Also not all programs can be done acceptably with a CLI. Real time 3d games are an easy example of a GUI only task.


I don't disagree with you at all, but my biggest hangup with GUI-based software is twofold:

1. It tends to be bloated, with developers slapping framework upon framework, creating a mess of background wiring that is prone to a dictionary's worth of issues that will either frustrate the user or confound the person maintaining it.

2. UX Designers approach their jobs incorrectly; they assume they are smarter than the user. Interestingly, this might actually be true on paper in most cases, but the practical reality is that the user needs to do things the user's way, not the way the the developer wants them to.

If we could find ways to smooth those two glaring issues, I posit that we'd see a lot of problems with productivity and workflow melt away. Caveat; I'm not a software developer, so I'm sure anyone who is thinks I'm speaking out of school right now. Fact is, I've worked in a few different industries over 40 years, and one of the biggest thorns always seems to boil down to the software not being quite right for the team/application, so workarounds have to be invented, adding layers of complexity on what is already a decidedly fragile system.


> UX Designers approach their jobs incorrectly; they assume they are smarter than the user. Interestingly, this might actually be true on paper in most cases, but the practical reality is that the user needs to do things the user's way, not the way the the developer wants them to.

This is just as true for CLIs.


I think this blunkiness is in part because these things are often created and designed exclusively by frontend and full stack developers. IMO systems like these need strong backend developer influence, with highly scalable data models and and as much work as possible pushed server-side.

In short, the system should be designed by people that despise the general state frontend development. It should still look good, I love a modern clean frontend (like Docmost for example), but not at the expense of snappiness and scalability.


I think the willingness to use CLIs often goes hand in hand with having a bit of a hacker mentality.

To me, it’s obvious that if a certain command feels cumbersome (e.g., (1)), you can just create an alias, script, or panel to make it behave exactly how you want. In contrast, a GUI usually forces you to use the functionality as it was envisioned by the product team that designed it.

Ultimately, GUIs target the average user, providing a good experience on average across all users.

With terminal apps, if you are patient and willing to learn how to customize your shell, you can make an excellent environment which would offer a huge boost of productivity


Reading all these opinionated comments about CLI vs GUI, I feel out of place as just a humble TUI fan.

- CLIs are powerful but hard, basically an exercise in mnemonics.

- GUIs are much friendlier, and can be faster than CLIs for certain use cases. While complex and bloated, they have their use cases to shine.

- TUIs are basically less expressive GUIs, since they're limited to text, but you must go out of your way to make them bloated and slow; they usually are very snappy.

All have their best and worst scenarios, no need to argue which is better. Use what fits best with your workflow, no size fits all.


The main reason might be that terminals are ugly and messy, you can't find shit, everything melts together. Might be nice for power users, but those aren't so many I would guess.


I live in the terminal. I've been using the terminal since before guis were an appreciable option.

People who lionize the terminal are silly, it's objectively bad and the fact we use it at all is just the inertia of TTY.

Trying to put GUIs in terminal, all this stuff, it's a hack, a sign of failure to make progress.

In an alternate universe Emacs wouldn't be culturally anti-human and we'd have a data first gui instead of app siloing. Some Emacs custom setups are the fucking future, context switching, everything is so perfect, but because the interop is so bad you can't use it in your day job.

But most OSS OS devs have spent all their time focused on the system part and not the operating part.

Human factors and human interfaces are still mostly ignored, and that's just from a sole user perspective, most developers of UI don't treat the networked/relational aspect as a first class UX issue for an OS.

And that's partly a failure of imagination, a failure of loving people as much as tech and also because distributed collaboration is fucking hard and most people just rewalk existing paths.

Maybe LORO is the only truly interesting open source project right now, but Ai can't write those algorithms so even their implementation is under explored.


Yes I agree.

My guess is that the console is a much better and natural UI because it goes in one direction and is less confusing and productive for humans.

In the end we seems to move back to it through the chatbot paradigm, because it is in the end a console...


It's an interesting trend. With the push for chatbot-based interactions, CLIs and plain text representations are making a bit of a comeback, since LLMs interface with those more easily than UIs.


We saw this in the early days of chat tools like Slack, too. /remind anybody? Today you, at least, get a floating help text if not a mini-GUI within the channel once you begin to invoke.

So I'd wager we will see the same with chatbot interfaces. I furthermore predict that we will get taylor-made AI applications with a GUI that triggers specific "prompts" on unspecified datasets. "Prompt engineering" will become just another skill of professionals that have to use general purpose tools to built specific purpose tools... again.


Many people forget the main reason why Windows, Mobile, Webapps succeeded is because of convenience. The more easy to use the more better. Convenience is also the reason why Meta Glasses will be successful.


People who don’t really follow the region often paint Israeli moves as a "land grab." But since Oct 7, 2023, Israel’s been taking a much more active line against jihadist groups across the neighborhood. And look at Syria: the current president, Ahmed al-Sharaa (better known as Abu Mohammad al-Julani), used to lead HTS and before that Jabhat al-Nusra—both tied to al-Qaeda. That’s not exactly a situation where "just wait it out" sounds responsible. For years, most Israelis backed a two-state solution. That faith took a beating after the Second Intifada, and support’s been sliding and splitting along political lines ever since. Over the last two decades, extremists on both sides took over most of the public debate, and "peace talks" became a heresy. When you talk to pro-Palestinian-state advocates, a simple litmus test is:"Do you accept Israel’s right to exist?" Too often, the answer is no. With this kind of line of thought, you can't really make peace - this is exactly what "River to the Sea" mean to Israelis who hear people all over the world chanting this phrase.

If you want unfiltered street-level vibes from both sides, Corey Gil-Shuster’s YouTube channel is a gold mine of candid answers. You'd be surprised how many times the notion of palestinian "peace" is judenfrei Isreal (Saying basically, that jews should go back to europe) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xH1iV1fb2pg


I don't know how that justifies not even giving the Palestinians a fair chance to evacuate into other countries, and just genociding all of their civilians instead without this option.


That's not true - Palestinians are allowed to evacuate. The border has been closed by Egypt, not by Israel. Just this month, for example, a group of children was evacuated and flown to the UK for urgent treatment. Since Gaza has no airport, they could only leave through Egypt or Israel.

For context, there was an Israeli volunteer organization called Road to Recovery, made up of citizens who drove patients/children, the elderly, and others—from the border crossings to hospitals across Israel for medical care. Many of the volunteers lived near Gaza themselves. On October 7th, when Hamas invaded Israel, those very volunteers were deliberately targeted and murdered. One of them was Vivian Silver, a remarkable woman who dedicated years to this mission.

The cruelty, hatred, and fanaticism of Hamas is almost impossible to grasp for those who don’t live with it. It’s easy to get swept up in narratives shaped by popular media, but those accounts are rarely impartial when it comes to this conflict.


>Since Gaza has no airport

Gaza had one, care to explain what happened to it. I would say it was before the October 7th.

Israel took control of Rafah border. And do not give full control to Egypt. Egypt, under the tripartite agreement with US and Israel is restricted heavily to be subservient to Israel. Stop the lies please.

>they could only leave through Egypt or Israel.

Gaza has, you know, a sea? Into Mediterranean. But ITF shoots down Palestinians, and detains anyone who goes there, par for the rogue nation it is. Yes, before Oct 7th.


> Palestinians are allowed to evacuate. The border has been closed by Egypt

That is is no way a proper structured way to evacuate. When evaluating the suitability of evacuation, put yourself in their shoes, and think: "would that have worked for you and your family?" Hamas would presumably have the tunnels to Egypt under tight control, preventing their use for evacuation. People and families need a structured way to evacuate, like being offered free buses that drive them to a country that will accept them. If this cannot be done, at least help them establish tunnels into Egypt with open access.

As I see it, the cruelty/hatred/genociding is on both sides, both Palestine and Israel; there is no difference.

Don't get me wrong because I do want Israel to thrive, but in a civilized way, not by being despicable. A point of existence is civilization, not barbarism.


Can you point a war in the history of the world where one side sent buses to evacuate the enemy civilian population out of the way? Do you realize how absurd this expectation is? Israel send leaflets, phone messages and phone calls to alert people in Gaza of an impending strike, that's much more than anything done by any warring country in history.

I completely agree with your last statement. The issue here is that there's an organization which doesn't value life and wishes for martyrdom for its members and the entire society that it governs. For this sake - every act is justified and even praised.


With regard to the people of Gaza, I do understand that their mind is afflicted by a crazy mind virus that makes several of them into terrorists, but this virus seems to have rubbed off on Israel just the same. Don't become the terrorist you want to eliminate.


I agree. Israel has been radicallized. As an Israeli, I can say with a lot of confidence that people in my immediate circle despise the current government.


I like the idea, but almost everyone needs a browser these days... Unless you work solo and don't need MS Teams/Google Meet/etc


There's browsh, a version of Firefox that renders in a terminal: https://www.brow.sh/


That's wonderful – I have a VPS where disk space is a premium; I'd rather stick to the terminal for any required browsing than install a minimal graphical environment on disk!

(A note to Ubuntu users that browsh is incompatible with the default snap distribution of Firefox; you'll have to install it from a PPA.)


https://github.com/fathyb/carbonyl should be perfect for this


I have pipelines written in both frameworks. Nextflow (despite the questionable selection of groovy as the language of choice) is more powerful and enables greater flexibility in terms of information flow.

For example, snakemake makes it very difficult if not impossible to create pipelines that deviate from a DAG architecture. In cases where you need loops, conditionals and so on, Nextflow is a better option.

One thing that I didn't like about nextflow is that all processes can either run under apptainer or docker, you can mix and match docker/apptainer like you do in snakemake rules.


Can you describe a scenario that would be impossible to code for in a snakemake paradigm? For example at least with conditionals I imagine you could bake some flags into the output filename and have different jobs parse that. I’m not sure exactly what you mean by loop but if its iterating over something that can probably be handled with the expand or lambda functions.


Here is a scenario which is relatively trivial in Nextflow and difficult to write in snakemake:

1. A process that "generates" protein sequences

2. A collection of processes that perform computationally intensive downstream computations

3. A filter that decides, based on some calculation an a threshold whether the output from process (1) should move to process (2).

Furthermore, assume you'd like process (1) to continue generating new candidates continously and independently until N number of candidates pass the filter for downstream processing.

That's not something that you can do easily with snakemake since it generates the DAG before computation starts. Sure, you can create some hack or use checkpoints that forces snakemake to reevaluate the DAG and so on, and maybe --keep-going=true so that it won't end the other processes from failing, but with nextflow you just set a few channels as queues and connect them to processes, which is much easier.


Just make your N number of candidates check generate some empty file after N is reached and put that as input for the next job. For threshold example you can do the same thing or even bake the metric into a filename.


As I said, you can hack your way through snakemake to make it work probably using DAG reevaluation and tricks with filenames, but Nextflow allows it in a much more straightforward manner that's more easy to follow, understand and debug.


"you can mix and match"

you meant "CAN'T", right?


yep :)


And I assume the BBC are completely impartial regarding the conflict.


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