retard, v.
[ad. F. retarder (13th c., = Sp. and Pg. retardar, It. ritardare), or L. retardāre, f. re- re- + tardus slow.]
1.1 trans. To keep back, to delay, hinder, impede (a person or thing in respect of progress, movement, action, or accomplishment).
c 1489 Caxton Blanchardyn xxiii. 75 Here is one doubte that retardeth myne ymagynacyon.
1636 Denham Destr. Troy 423 The one retarded was By feeble age, the other by a wound.
1660 F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 260 The sight of this fishing retarded us above an houre.
2.2 To delay the progress or accomplishment, to impede the course, of (an action, movement, etc.).
1572 Reg. Privy Council Scot. II. 158 That sa haly a work be not retardit.
1610 B. Jonson Alch. iv. v, This'll retard The worke, a month at least.
1642 C. Vernon Consid. Exch. 91 The principal causes which have hindred and retarded the due answering of the Kings Revenues and Debts.
b.2.b To defer, postpone, put off. rare.
1735 in Pope's Lett. Suppl. 11 He retarded his Edition of Mr. Cromwell's Letters till the Twenty-Second of March.
1820 Scott Monast. xvi, If we were now either to advance or retard the hour of refection beyond the time.
3.3 intr. To be delayed; to come, appear, or happen later; to undergo retardation.
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 194 Putrefaction‥shall retard or accelerate according to the subject and season of the year.
1665 Phil. Trans. I. 38 The Comet advances‥towards the East, and‥retards towards the West.
1738 Ibid. XL. 312 The next Evening it retarded two Hours.
b.3.b To delay to do something. rare—1.
a 1732 Gay Tales, Apparition, Call loud on Justice, bid her not retard To punish murder.
As a noun:
1.1 Retardation, delay. in retard, retarded, delayed; in the rear of.
1788 Jefferson Writ. 1859 II. 353 A single day's retard.
1865 Carlyle Fredk. Gt. xv. x. (1872) VI. 65 The rearward regiments‥are in painful retard.
1886 Ruskin Præterita I. iv. 132, I was far in retard of them in real knowledge.
2.2 retard of the tide or retard of high water, the interval between the moon's transit and the high water following upon this. Also ellipt.
1833 Phil. Trans. CXXIII. 19 The retard‥at Portsmouth appears to be intermediate between that at Brest and at London.
1845 Encycl. Metrop. V. 257* marg., Retard of high water upon the moon's transit.
1862 New Amer. Cycl. XV. 471 At Boston, this delay, which is called the retard, or age of the tide, is nearly 36 hours.
3.3 A device in a motor vehicle for retarding the ignition spark.
1932 Motoring Encycl. 10/3 The Bosch automatic advance and retard (Fig. 3) is a simple design for a stationary armature type of magneto.
1977 Hot Car Oct. 75/3 The old one is capped off still retaining the advance retard.
4.4 U.S. slang. A mentally retarded person.
1970 Time 23 Mar. 49 There are‥heroin addicts, Air Force and CIA mental retards and Broadway Indians doing a Broadway Snake Dance.
Noun sense 4.4 there comes from the medical use, which is a euphemistic reference to verb sense 1.1.
I don't know whether the noun retard developed within medicine from the medical use. But this much is clear:
1. The word retarded (not retard) was employed in an effort to be technical and sensitive in referring to people with mental deficiencies;
2. The same word, retarded, entered general use in reference to people with (more broadly-construed) mental deficiencies;
3. The noun retard derived straightforwardly from retarded, in the sense "person who is retarded". This might have happened before step 2 and then entered general use in parallel with retarded, or it might have happened after step 2. Doesn't really matter.
So you're saying that the Catholic Church also accepted the Copernican Sun centred model of the universe formulated by Nicolaus Copernicus "from the beginning" as Copernicus was also a Catholic cleric?
Perhaps it's possible that the beliefs and propositions of individual members of a greater body don't always align with the official stance of the greater body.
> it's possible that the beliefs and propositions of individual members of a greater body don't always align with the official stance
It is, and where they depart from or twist binding doctrine, it would be a matter of heresy.
But FWIW, the Catholic Church didn’t and doesn’t have a stance on the question of heliocentrism. Why would it? It is not a question with any religious importance. Who cares which orb rotates around which? Copernicus wasn’t doing anything forbidden (nor had he vindicated heliocentrism) and had high ranking friends and acquaintances in the clergy (including cardinals like Cardinal Schõnberg and Pope Clement VII) who took an interest in his work. De Revolutionibus was itself dedicated to Pope Paul III. If anything, Copernicus was wary of other academics who held to the Ptolemaic view at the time. Plus ça change…
No doubt, you have in mind the oft-repeated Galileo affair which has become one of those stubborn black legends that seems to stay afloat despite the lack of facts supporting it because of its instrumental value for sticking it to the Church. The Galileo affair was not about heliocentrism. It was about a clash of egos and personalities (Galileo’s being of them, as he liked to pick pointless fights, including some nasty personal attacks on his friend and benefactor Urban VIII) that spanned decades. It isn’t as piquant as the story as typically told would have you believe.
The story of Copernican heliocentrism as commonly told is enough to bounce many out of the rut of thinking as the comment above implied that a large bureaucracy aligns itself with anything an individual thinks.
> The Galileo affair was not about heliocentrism. It was about a clash of egos and personalities
That's pretty much the way I heard it, outside of the Catholic Church, some 50 years ago. Make enough enemies, sooner or later they band together and strike if they can.
> No doubt, you have in mind the oft-repeated Galileo affair
> It isn’t as piquant as the story as typically told would have you believe.
It's like you're not reading my mind and yet somehow imagine you can.
If you enjoy quoting J. Budziszewski you may or may not get a kick out of Graham Priest and Dialetheism.
The LEAD Group proposes the earliest possible date, certainly well before 2030, for leaded AvGas phaseout in Australia and looks to Europe for the mechanism of phasing it out.
The lead additive for leaded fuel is called tetraethyllead (TEL).
Leaded AvGas has a phaseout date of 2025 in the European Union because TEL has a 2025 sunset date in European Union countries.
Funny here is not used in the humerous sense, but rather the other two definitions given in any good dictionary as "used to emphasize that something is serious or should be taken seriously." and "difficult to explain or understand; strange or odd." or even the given example of the last quote as "unusual, especially in such a way as to arouse suspicion."
Replace 'funny' with 'weird' (in a slightly sarcastic tone for sure) and the comment makes sense whilst being less offensive to the reader and not diminishing someones death.
When it's the CEO or if it's about silicon valley companies. I don't remember ever reading on HN about accidents in the shoe factory or in the construction site.
> I don't remember ever reading on HN about accidents in the shoe factory or in the construction site.
There are very few HN stories about shoe factories or construction sites full stop.
That's a whole other issue.
The hook for this story is Occ Health and Safety, many people have an interest in safety and the fact that a CEO died hasn't stirred interest out of pity or sympathy for a CEO, it's schadenfreude that lax safety standards caught someone that could have improved those standards.
(I've been a cross platform numerical developer in GIS and geophysics for decades)
serious windows power users, current and former windows developers and engineers, swear by Chris Titus Tech's Windows Utility.
It's an open powershell suite collaboration by hundreds maintained by an opinionated coordinater that allows easy installation of common tools, easy setting of update behaviours, easy tweaking of telemetry and AI addons, and easy creation of custom ISO installs and images for VM application (dedicated stripped down windows OS for games or a Qubes shard)
It's got a lot of help hover tooltip's to assist in choices and avoiding suprises, you can always look to the scripts that are run if you're suspicious.
" Windows isn't that bad if you clean it out with a stiff enough broom "
That said, I'm setting my grandkids up with Bazzite decks and forcing them to work in CLI's for a lot of things to get them used to seeing things under the hood.
Bazzite is nice but its not very CLI centric I think because of the immutability. Its a great OS, but I found Cachy a lot better if you want to work from CLI in normal ways
Anybody sane in office would build the same kind of thing (hardened command and control bunker) but somewhere else in the area.
The argument for the whitehouse location would be "in the event of a nuclear missile headed for DC with little to no time to move ... " the POTUS could be moved straight down and have access to all that is needed for digital control, etc.
The argument against would be that's the one location almost guarenteed to get a penetrating atomic or conventional warhead (if anywhere) and it'd be better to be anywhere else.
That said .. any bunker or data centre might well be some distance away .. and the project is build a fast transport tunnel from the complex already under that wing to a new deep bunker some reasonable distance away.
FwiW and despite whatever impression you may have gleaned from my comment I wasn't particularly into either drugs or alcohol myself, but I certainly saw a lot of both consumed .. and to be fair it's something a lot of people dive into in their late teens and early twenties and then most drastically cut back or stop altogether.
The Spaced scene I linked is infamous for many people noting it as one the best depictions of a MDMA rave party ever filmed and Edgar Wright and cast members asserting it was shot in the middle of the day and no one was drunk or on drugs.
That .. may or may not be true or overstated - I know I wasn't there at the time so I can't claim knowledge either way.
The SAA is deepening and moving westwards.
Table 4 shows the change in the SAA from 2025.0 to 2026.0 as estimated at Earth’s surface and at 500 km by WMM2025 and WMMHR2025.
The area affected, as judged by the area inside the 25,000 nT contour at the Earth’s surface, has increased by about 8% over this time (for both WMM and WMMHR).
This contour approximates the region where radiation damage to satellites is most likely to occur.
As a verb:
As a noun: ~ Oxford English Dictionary Second Edition (CD-ROM v. 4.0 © Oxford University Press 2009)reply