coq: https://coq.inria.fr/a-short-introduction-to-coq
the real beast out there. easy to install. but hardly usable for normal hackers, because of their mathematical notation.
but it's using plain c, and you can verify c with various solvers.
for crypto https://srlabs.de/minisat-intro/ has some explanation how to break weak ciphers or hashes, knowing the weakness beforehand. but the various hackers posting on their blogs usually have better practical explanations.
klee: https://klee.github.io/tutorials/ pretty hard to install
coq: https://coq.inria.fr/a-short-introduction-to-coq the real beast out there. easy to install. but hardly usable for normal hackers, because of their mathematical notation. but it's using plain c, and you can verify c with various solvers.
z3: http://rise4fun.com/z3/tutorial the most popular, but only python or SMT-LIB 2.0 (lisp).
for crypto https://srlabs.de/minisat-intro/ has some explanation how to break weak ciphers or hashes, knowing the weakness beforehand. but the various hackers posting on their blogs usually have better practical explanations.