Then it becomes the challenger scenario. Various pieces are failing but the whole mission succeeds so everyone ignores the known risks because management is interested in their return on investment. That works right up until the rocket explodes and suddenly there are lots of external people asking serious questions. Boeing is going through the same thing having optimised for ROI as well and its planes are now falling apart on a daily basis.

Who always gets in trouble for this? More often than not the developers and operators who in a high pressure environment optimised what they were told to optimise and gamed the metrics a little so they weren't fired or held back in their careers.